【图】LED摇摇棒的详细制作资料

大家知道，人的眼睛存在视觉暂留现象，正因为眼睛的反应迟钝，才丰富了人的视觉感受。

LED摇摇棒很好地利用了人眼的视觉暂留特性。下图是基于51单片机控制、16只高亮度LED发光二极管构成的摇摇棒，配合手的左右摇晃就可呈现一幅完整的画面，可以显示字符、图片等。演示效果见自制LED摇摇棒展示【图】。

实物外形图（点击可放大）：

基本原理与硬件电路设计：

16只LED发光管作为画面每一列的显示，左右摇晃起到了扫描的作用，人眼的视觉暂留现象使得看到的是一幅完整的画面。与LED点阵的显示有几分相仿。

硬件电路如下图（点击可放大）。系统电源VCC为5V，下载程序和调试时一定要保证5V电压，实际使用时用3节干电池串联4.5V即可。AT89S52单片机作为控制器，在它的P0、P2口接有16只以共阳的方式连接的高亮度LED，由单片机输出低电平点亮。P0口的上拉电阻RA1不能少。串在LED公共端的二极管D1会产生一定的压降，用来保护LED，经实测LED点亮时两端电压为3V左右，在LED的安全承受范围内。K1是画面切换开关，用于切换显示不同内容；S1为水银开关。

水银开关的作用：棒在摇动时，只能在朝某一方向摇动时显示，否则会出现镜像字或镜像画面，所以通过接一只水银开关来控制，使摇摇棒从左向右摇动时将内容显示出来。

硬件制作：

使用的是直径5mm的红色高亮LED，感觉太大了些，远看效果很好但近看时字不够连贯。建议使用直径为3mm的高亮LED，颜色可根据个人喜好选择。

水银开关里的水银珠很活跃，导致在接通时容易产生抖动，所以将水银开关斜向上放置（尖尖朝斜上方45°角），靠水银珠自身重力的作用减少抖动：

IC座里面隐藏元件，既美观又能保护元件：

软件设计：

/**********************************************************
程序名称：LED摇摇棒显示64*16像素
简要说明：外部中断方式INT0显示；取模方式：纵向取模、字节倒序
编    写：JiangX.net
最后更新：08/11/15晚
**********************************************************/
#include <AT89X52.h>
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int    //宏定义
#define KEY P3_0      //定义画面切换按键
uchar KY;      //KY作用在后面说明
uchar disp;     //显示汉字指针
uchar pic=0,num=0;     //pic为按键次数；num为中断次数

uchar code love[] = {
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x3F,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,
0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x0F,
0x04,0x10,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x10,0xF8,0x0F,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x07,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,
0x00,0x08,0xFE,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x3F,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,
0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x82,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*LOVE*/
};

uchar code loveyou[] = {
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x78,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0xFE,0x01,0xFE,0x03,0xFE,0x07,0xFE,0x0F,0xFE,0x1F,0xFC,0x3F,
0xF8,0x7F,0xFC,0x3F,0xFE,0x1F,0xFE,0x0F,0xFE,0x07,0xFE,0x03,0xFE,0x01,0xFC,0x00,
0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*心形图案*/
};

uchar code hehe[] = {
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x01,0x40,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0xF0,0x0F,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,
0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,
0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x08,0x00,0x04,0x00,
0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,0xF0,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x20,0x08,0x10,
0xF0,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x01,0x40,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,/*呵呵o(∩_∩)o图案*/
};

unsigned char code hanzi[] = {
//-- 欢 --
      0x04,0x10,0x34,0x08,0xC4,0x06,0x04,0x01,
      0xC4,0x82,0x3C,0x8C,0x20,0x40,0x10,0x30,
      0x0F,0x0C,0xE8,0x03,0x08,0x0C,0x08,0x10,
      0x28,0x60,0x18,0xC0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,
//-- 迎 --
      0x40,0x00,0x42,0x40,0x44,0x20,0xC8,0x1F,
      0x00,0x20,0xFC,0x47,0x04,0x42,0x02,0x41,
      0x82,0x40,0xFC,0x7F,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x42,
      0x04,0x44,0xFE,0x63,0x04,0x20,0x00,0x00,
//-- 使 --
      0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0xF8,0xFF,0x07,0x00,
      0x04,0x80,0xF4,0x43,0x14,0x45,0x14,0x29,
      0x14,0x19,0xFF,0x17,0x14,0x21,0x14,0x21,
      0x14,0x41,0xF6,0xC3,0x04,0x40,0x00,0x00,
//-- 用 --
      0x00,0x80,0x00,0x60,0xFE,0x1F,0x22,0x02,
      0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0xFE,0x7F,
      0x22,0x02,0x22,0x02,0x22,0x42,0x22,0x82,
      0xFF,0x7F,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
//-- 神 --
      0x08,0x01,0x88,0x00,0x49,0x00,0xEE,0xFF,
      0x58,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x1F,
      0x88,0x08,0x88,0x08,0xFF,0xFF,0x88,0x08,
      0x88,0x08,0xFC,0x1F,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,
//-- 奇 --
      0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x44,0x00,0x44,0x3E,
      0x64,0x12,0x54,0x12,0x4C,0x12,0x47,0x12,
      0x4C,0x3F,0x54,0x42,0x74,0x80,0xC6,0x7F,
      0x44,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,
//-- 魔 --
      0x00,0x40,0x00,0x30,0xFE,0x8F,0x4A,0x80,
      0xAA,0x5F,0x9A,0x4A,0xFE,0x2A,0xAA,0x1A,
      0xCB,0x0F,0xAA,0x7A,0xFE,0x8A,0x9A,0xAA,
      0xAA,0x8F,0x6B,0x80,0x22,0xE0,0x00,0x00,
//-- 幻 --
      0x80,0x20,0xC0,0x30,0xA0,0x28,0x98,0x24,
      0x87,0x22,0x80,0x21,0xC4,0x30,0x04,0x60,
      0x04,0x00,0x04,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x80,
      0x04,0x40,0xFE,0x3F,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,
//-- 摇 --
      0x10,0x02,0x10,0x42,0x10,0x81,0xFF,0x7F,
      0x90,0x04,0x54,0x05,0xCC,0xF4,0xB4,0x44,
      0x84,0x44,0xBC,0x7F,0x82,0x44,0xA2,0x44,
      0x9B,0xF4,0x82,0x06,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,
//-- 摇 --
      0x10,0x02,0x10,0x42,0x10,0x81,0xFF,0x7F,
      0x90,0x04,0x54,0x05,0xCC,0xF4,0xB4,0x44,
      0x84,0x44,0xBC,0x7F,0x82,0x44,0xA2,0x44,
      0x9B,0xF4,0x82,0x06,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,
//-- 棒 --
      0x10,0x04,0x10,0x03,0xD0,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,
      0x90,0x00,0x54,0x05,0x44,0x12,0xD4,0x15,
      0x74,0x14,0x5F,0xFF,0xD4,0x14,0x54,0x15,
      0x56,0x12,0x44,0x06,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00,
//-- ！ --
      0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
      0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7C,0x10,0xFE,0x3B,
      0xFE,0x3B,0x7C,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
      0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
};

/*****函数声明*****/
void display1(void);
void display2(void);
void display3(void);
void display4(void);

/*****n（us）延时子程序*****/
void DelayUs(uint N)
{
uint x;
for(x=0; x<=N;x++);
}

/*****中断服务程序*****/
void intersvr0(void) interrupt 0 using 1
{
KY=~KY;      //每个摇动来回水银开关会在摆幅两端分别产生下降沿中断，只提取其中一次（从左向右摇才显示）
if(KY==0)
{
  num++;     //计算中断次数
  switch(pic)      //选择画面
  {
   case 0:{display1();}break;
   case 1:{display2();}break;
   case 2:{display3();}break;
   case 3:{display4();}break;
   default:{display1();}
  }
   }
}

/*****显示子程序1（汉字）*****/
void display1(void)
{
uchar i;
if(num>10){disp++;num=0;}     //12个汉字分为3次显示完（每次显示4个），每中断10次切换
if(disp>2)disp=0;
  DelayUs(5200);     //此处延时时间依各硬件差别而各不相同，试着调整使得显示内容居中即可
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
{
     P0=~hanzi[disp*128+i*2];
     P2=~hanzi[disp*128+i*2+1];
     DelayUs(100);
}
}

/*****显示子程序2（LOVE）*****/
void display2(void)
{
uchar i;
DelayUs(4000);
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
{
     P0=~love[i*2];
     P2=~love[i*2+1];
     DelayUs(120);
}
}

/*****显示子程序3（心形图案）*****/
void display3(void)
{
uchar i;
  DelayUs(4000);
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
{
     P0=~loveyou[i*2];
     P2=~loveyou[i*2+1];
     DelayUs(120);
}
}

/*****显示子程序4（呵呵o(∩_∩)o图案）*****/
void display4(void)
{
uchar i;
DelayUs(4000);
for(i=0;i<64;i++)
{
     P0=~hehe[i*2];
     P2=~hehe[i*2+1];
     DelayUs(120);
}
}

/*****主函数*****/
void main(void)
{
IT0=1;
EX0=1;
EA=1;      //开中断，下降沿中断
KY=0;
while(1)     //主程序中只检测按键
{
  if(KEY==0)     //画面切换键按下
  {
  DelayUs(10000);    //按键去抖
  if(KEY==0);
  pic++;}
  if(pic>3)pic=0;
}
}
/*****END*****/

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2008-11-18 20:20:20